Showing posts with label sexuality. Show all posts
Showing posts with label sexuality. Show all posts

Book List on Women, Gender, and Sex in American Religious History

Andrea L. Turpin
  
This fall I get to teach one of my favorite classes: my graduate course on Women, Gender, and Sex in American Religious History. One of the readings I assign for the first day is quite possibly my favorite historiographic essay of all time, Catherine Brekus's “Introduction: Searching for Women in Narratives of American Religious History,” in The Religious History of American Women: Reimagining the Past, ed. Brekus (North Carolina, 2007).

In this ten-year-old essay, Brekus examines why so many synthetic works of American religious history ignore women and why so many synthetic works of American women's history ignore religion. She makes a compelling case that the answer is not that scholarship on American women's religious history doesn't exist--and that both omissions leave our understanding of our collective past significantly impoverished.

Yet five years after the release of The Religious History of American Women, the December 2012 issue of the Journal of American History dedicated to a state-of-the-field analysis of American women's and gender history hardly mentioned religion at all. And as late as 2016 I was still seeing so many book lists for lay readers interested in American religious history that didn't include books by or about women that I was moved to write my first ever blog post on the subject.

But I am encouraged by my class, both the students in it and the books available to assign for it. The course has enrolled a large number of students, and roughly equal numbers of women and men are interested in the topic. (I wrote a guest post last year over at the Anxious Bench reflecting on my experience teaching an earlier version of this course to 6 men and 1 woman!) And even though I last taught the course only a year and half ago, I changed about one-third of the books on the syllabus because so much excellent work has been published in the last two years.

Each week the class reads one book and an additional article or book chapter on a complementary topic. In the readings for the course, I strive for diversity of multiple types: religious traditions, race and ethnicity, historical time period, styles of writing, and classic vs. recent works. In different years the course ends up having slightly different emphases depending on the interests of the students enrolled, my research at the time, what books have recently been published, and the directions in which the field is developing. 

Particularly noteworthy in this iteration is the recent expansion of scholarship on religion and sexuality. And it is a sign of the vitality of the field of women, gender, and sex in American religious history that there are so many excellent books that I could have included that did not make this particular semester's list. Judging from the books on this year's syllabus, shout out to the university presses of Oxford, North Carolina, and Cornell, who have all published multiple titles in this area.

Now without further ado, for your reading pleasure, here are the books for this year: 
 
Joan Wallach Scott, Sex and Secularism (Princeton, 2017) 

Carol F. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (W.W. Norton, 1987)

Susan Juster, Disorderly Women: Sexual Politics & Evangelicalism in Revolutionary New England (Cornell, 1994)

Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, A House Full of Females: Plural Marriage and Women's Rights in Early Mormonism, 1835-1870 (Knopf, 2017)

Kathi Kern, Mrs. Stanton’s Bible (Cornell, 2001)

Andrea L. Turpin, A New Moral Vision: Gender, Religion, and the Changing Purposes of American Higher Education, 1837–1917 (Cornell, 2016)

*I offer the book to my students at my author's discount so I don't make a profit. We use this day to discuss not only the topic, but also the process of writing a dissertation and turning it into a book.

Sarah Imhoff, Masculinity and the Making of American Judaism (Indiana, 2017)

Kristin Kobes DuMez, A New Gospel for Women: Katharine Bushnell and the Challenge of Christian Feminism (Oxford, 2015)

Marie Griffith, Moral Combat: How Sex Divided American Christians and Fractured American Politics (Basic, 2017)

Heather R. White, Reforming Sodom: Protestants and the Rise of Gay Rights (North Carolina, 2015)

Daniel Williams, Defenders of the Unborn: The Pro-Life Movement before Roe v. Wade (Oxford, 2016)

Ula Yvette Taylor, The Promise of Patriarchy: Women and the Nation of Islam (North Carolina, 2017)

James M. Ault, Spirit and Flesh: Life in a Fundamentalist Baptist Church (Knopf, 2004)

As I mentioned earlier, in addition to these books, the class reads several standalone articles and book chapters. I want to highlight three 2018 edited volumes that make helpful contributions to the field and are the source of some of these chapters:

Eds. Gillian Frank, Bethany Moreton, & Heather R. White, Devotions and Desires: Histories of Sexuality and Religion in the United States (North Carolina, 2018)

Eds. Michele Lise Tarter & Catie Gill, New Critical Studies on Early Quaker Women, 1650-1800 (Oxford, 2018)

Eds. Leilah Danielson, Marian Mollin, & Doug Rossinow, The Religious Left in Modern America: Doorkeepers of a Radical Faith (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018)

I suspect next time I teach this course, several readers of this blog will have produced excellent new work in the field to include!

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Saint Valentine's Pleasures

Adam Park 


The season of romance is upon us. Or, at least, a day of romance. And by some accounts, Christians romance best.

So, what's their secret? Well, it can be found in their rich material culture. Since the early 2000s, Christian marital aid and lingerie websites have been providing the adventurous faithful a wide range of romantic accessories. From nipple clamps, sex swings, and penis rings to edible underwear, prostate massagers, and beads (that you don't wear around your neck), these online marital aid ministries offer many earthly delights for holy matrimony. A most fleshly doxa, indeed.

The raison d'être for online Christian marital aid ministries, however, is not merely to aid in the enhancement of romance. Such ministries exist to provide, in the words of one website, "a safe, non-pornographic place to shop for all your Christian sex toy and romance needs, while keeping Christ at the center of your marriage." When it comes to Christian marriage, pleasure is the solution. But when it comes to shopping for pleasure-inducing goods, pornography is the problem. Packaging, product imagery, foul descriptions and vulgar toy names, and seductively-posed lingerie models have besmirched the market. The overly-sensuous agora is simply too titillating. Understanding marriage as between a husband and a wife, such ministries hold that any sexual stimuli that occurs outside of that closed relationship is misplaced and ill-gotten. To channel Douglas, pornography is erotica out of place. Christian marital aid ministries therefore whitewash. And here's how.





Technologies of censorship. Lingerie displays are particularly problematic, and require manipulation. Christian marital aid ministries diligently alter their product promotions. Image frames are manipulated and cropped, limiting the field of view. Bellybuttons, cleavage, nipples, and muscle tone are airbrushed, ridding the depicted models of their erogenous zones. And skin tone is discolored, graphically reducing human-likeness. To combat pornography, Christian marital aid ministries dismember humans.

Sex toy packaging poses its own set of problems. Some airbrush. Some depict the accessories devoid of their secular packaging. One forward-thinking website offers a service called "polybagging," where it will "apply a sticker or remove packaging" on any "inappropriate" package content. Another website hopes to produce its own product "with its own non-offensive packaging," it said, "but at this time it isn't cost affective [sic]." Religious censorship is the marketable service here. Paying for non-pornography.

Curiously, though, Christian marital aid ministries censor male bodies differently. Less, to be precise. Bellybuttons, abs, knees, necks, and even heads--so long as they belong to a male--are non-pornographic, so it goes. Perhaps male bodies are less titillating. Or, perhaps females bodies are less visually titillated. Either way, it's still a celebration of pleasure within the appropriate context.

So, if you're wondering, there are current holiday specials to satiate a variety of personal desires. And the satiation of personal/coupled desire is key, is orthodoxy. Pleasure is a gift. As Amy DeRogatis has found, so too here, sex is praise.

In Christian marital aid ministries, the holiday, the romance, the consummation, the marital bed or even the kitchen floor, is conceived as the retrieval of a feeling, an emotion, the reclamation of the body, of humanity. That which is given, so it goes, should be had. It is pleasure that guides us, marks truth, and leads us to salvation. It is the Word in the flesh.




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